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PSC vs. ECM Motors: Know Their Differences
Posted On: October 19, 2016
The heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) industry uses a variety of motor technologies in its equipment. Historically, the two predominant motor types have been permanent split capacitor (PSC) single speed motors and electronically commutated motors (ECM) with variable-speed capability. HVAC professionals understand the key differences between these motor types. This article aims to share those differences to you today.
PSC Motors
For many years, PSC single-speed motor technology has been the standard in the HVAC industry. It represents the highest installed base.
PSC motors are considered single-speed (speed refers to rate of rotational motion) because they have no internal controls that can be programmed automatically to vary the rotation of the motor over an operating range. In order to make PSC motors more flexible for various applications, speed taps are included to allow the mechanical contractor to manipulate the motor’s speed to ensure that the correct amount of airflow is delivered. There is, of course, a limit to the amount of static pressure the motor can handle, so it is important to keep in mind the optimal performance and safety. As static pressure increases, a PSC motor’s performance tends to drop off because it cannot adjust torque or speed.
Because of its design, there are some disadvantages intrinsic in PSC motors. They are less efficient than other motors because they consume more watts. They are not ideal for continuous fan operation because since they run close to full speed, they use more energy than what the function requires. This also makes them less attractive for other continuous filtration applications. They are also the least quiet among the motor technologies. They do not offer customized airflow patterns that are often critical when it comes to managing humidity.
ECM Motors
ECM variable speed motor technology is highly variable and is ideal for various advanced applications.
ECM technology is based on a direct current (DC) design that is more efficient and it runs cooler than AC PSC motors. They are, in fact, approximately 80% efficient compared to the 60% efficiency rating of PSC designs. ECM motors are programmable. In the case of a failure, the control or the motor can be replaced without having to replace the entire unit. They are also designed to run over a wide range of speeds, making them ideal for delivering airflow in a multitude of system designs. They also draw the least amount of watts, making them the most efficient motor technology. They are also the quietest among the motor technologies since they have the ability to ramp up and down slowly, making them ideal for certain applications with noise concerns.
When it comes to disadvantages, ECM variable-speed motors come at a premium cost.
To see the difference in performance between the two types of motors, check out this chart:
*Chart data courtesy of: Biemayer, P., Lutz, J., & Lekov, A. (2004). Measurement of airflow in residential furnaces*
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May 16, 2021
The work was done quickly and professionally. Workers were really polite and easy to work with.
Product works great!
May 16, 2021
Furnace broke down on a Wednesday, shopped around for prices and Friday Twintechs name came up from a referral from my wife's work. Called Dave 11 am, he came over around 1 pm. Gave me a very good price, I accepted. The guys were there two hours later to take the old furnace out and install the new one. All finished by 6:30pm. Finally heat.
They were very pleasant and helpful. As a result we are doing our A/C later this year with this company.
May 16, 2021
After some extensive research, we settled on Twintech for our new furnace. The service - from Dave's initial visit - through to the installation was absolutely fantastic.
Dave was super-patient with our many questions, did not try to "up-sell" us into buying things we don't need, knowledgeable, friendly and all-around an excellent Advisor.
I've forgotten the names of the installers but they were superb as well. They showed up on-time, did all the work with no mess or intrusion, removed the old furnace and installed the new one in one day; all with no impacts to our day-to-day life.
I cannot recommend Twintech enough, especially over any of 'bigger guys' who tried to sell us a bunch of thing we don't need. Twintech were fantastic and my wife and I are very pleased with our purchase.
May 16, 2021
From the minute I met Dave and discussed my new furnace needs I knew I was in good hands. He was patient, knowledgeable and very professional through the quotation process.
Grant and Greg did an outstanding job on the install. They did a great job of explaining the defects with my old furnace. The quality of the installation was excellent and the attention to detail was on another level. The old adage You get what you pay for couldnt be more true as I feel I received great value, skilled expertise and high quality customer service. I highly recommend Twintech for all your heating and cooling needs.
May 16, 2021
Glad to have found a not-too-big local firm that provided the needed expertise, quality workmanship, and competitive pricing as well. In and out in one day, removed the old units, did a nice job installing all of the new units, and left no debris. Even have a service contract that far outshined the big company offerings. Would definitely recommend them.
May 16, 2021
Appreciated a quick response to my request. Dave and Greg were very professional and made the experience seamless.
Feb 1, 2021
Very professional through the entire process. Installation and removel was done on a sloppy winter day, they put down runners on the floors and stairs and when they left, there wasn;t any sign of someone being in our house. Furnace works great as promised.
Feb 1, 2021
Dave was very pleasant to deal with and Twintech responded quickly when our furnace needed to be replaced ASAP. Installation was done on time and the crew were neat and tidy. We now have a great furnace that suits the needs of our family.
Feb 1, 2021
When your furnace kicks in over the holidays and you're not sure where to turn.. I'm so thankful that this company returned my phone call. I appreciated their transparency and clarity which allowed me to make an informed decision. With various quotes thrown at you, it can be difficult to make the right decision and trust the solutions offered by different companies. TwinTech spoke the truth and delivered on their word. Neat, timely and clean service; the peace of mind I needed during a very cold holiday season. I highly recommend them!
Feb 1, 2021
Pulling a old unit out and installing a modern heating system! Required drilling holes in the wall for the newer pipes. We went from 70% (I am willing to bet it was far less due to lack of maintenance and just old) to 96% newer . It now feels warmer and more pressure and we use to run extra heaters and feel as though they are not necessary!