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How Heat Pumps Work in Extreme Cold Temperatures

Many homeowners assume heat pumps struggle when winter temperatures drop—but modern cold-climate heat pumps are specifically engineered to perform in extreme cold.
Across Ontario and other northern regions, today’s heat pump technology delivers reliable, efficient heating even during deep freezes.
Understanding how heat pumps work in cold temperatures can help homeowners feel confident choosing this energy-efficient heating solution.
The Science Behind Heat Pumps in Cold Weather
Even when outdoor temperatures plunge well below freezing, there is still heat energy present in the air.
Cold-climate heat pumps are designed to extract this thermal energy and move it indoors.
Instead of generating heat through combustion like a furnace, a heat pump uses refrigerant and advanced compressors to transfer heat—making the process far more efficient.
Advanced Cold-Climate Technology Makes the Difference
Modern heat pumps rely on several key innovations that allow them to operate in extreme cold: Variable-Speed Inverter Compressors
Unlike older systems that turn on and off, inverter-driven compressors adjust their speed continuously.
This allows the heat pump to maintain steady heating output even when outdoor temperatures fluctuate.
Enhanced Refrigerants
New refrigerants can absorb heat at much lower temperatures than older formulas, allowing heat pumps to continue operating efficiently well below 0°C.
Optimized Heat Exchangers
Larger and more efficient outdoor coils maximize heat absorption from cold air, improving performance in winter conditions.
How Cold Is Too Cold for a Heat Pump?
Many modern cold-climate heat pumps can operate efficiently down to -20°C to -25°C, with some models capable of producing heat even beyond that range.
In extreme cold snaps, systems may be paired with:
A high-efficiency backup heat source
A dual-fuel or hybrid setup
Supplemental electric heating
This ensures uninterrupted comfort no matter how harsh the winter becomes.
Defrost Cycles Explained
In cold, humid winter conditions, frost can build up on the outdoor unit.
Heat pumps automatically run defrost cycles to remove ice and maintain efficiency.
These cycles are brief, intelligent, and designed to minimize energy use while protecting system performance.
Modern systems activate defrost only when needed, rather than on a timer, which improves overall winter efficiency.
Why Heat Pumps Are Efficient Even in Extreme Cold
Heat pumps are still efficient in winter because they:
Move heat rather than create it
Use electricity more effectively than resistance heating
Maintain consistent output without large energy spikes
This results in steady indoor temperatures and lower energy costs compared to many traditional heating systems.
Are Heat Pumps Suitable for Ontario Winters?
Yes—when properly sized and installed, cold-climate heat pumps are an excellent choice for Ontario homes.
The key factors include:
Correct system sizing
Professional installation
Proper insulation and air sealing
Choosing a cold-climate-rated model
With the right setup, homeowners enjoy dependable heat all winter long.
Heat Pumps: Reliable Comfort Even in Deep Freezes
Thanks to modern technology, heat pumps are no longer a mild-climate solution.
Today’s cold-climate systems deliver reliable heating, impressive efficiency, and consistent comfort—even during extreme winter temperatures.
For homeowners looking to reduce energy costs, lower emissions, and stay warm through harsh winters, heat pumps are a proven and dependable solution.
Imagine, it's 5 minutes after the midnight countdown New Year's eve and the furnace quits. We called TwinTech fully expecting to leave a message and actually spoke with Greg, one of the owners! We had an immediate repair early the next morning & a new furnace within the week. We have entrusted TwinTech with all our home HVAC service needs for over 6 years. That's why this week with an opportunity to purchase a new BBQ, we called them 1st to see about a gas line install. It's chicken on the grill tonight! They are efficient, reliable, honest, hard working, and -- attentive is an understatement.
Wonderful customer service, starting from the job quote (Dave), to the clean install, to the follow-up. Twintech is a small company which installed my Napoleon furnace, A/C, John Wood tank, and ran the line for my gas dryer. The installation was completed as promised in one day. The work area was kept very clean, and they even took care of my old rental tank. The professionalism and wonderful customer service is second to none. They completed all of my rebate paperwork, and now I'm getting $2000 back! You will not be disappointed if you hire this company for your project.
I was referred to Twintech by a neighbour and was not disappointed. Not only was the customer service excellent their workmanship was second to none. Greg and Grant work extremely clean covering the pathway to the furnace room, labeling the essential parts, left the area spotless and were efficient. They cleaned up the mess left by the previous installers (wiring, improperly installed AC coil, and gaps in venting etc). They also ran through the operation of the new furnace and gave me some maintenance tips. Greg and Grant are professional and all around good guys. I will definitely recommend their service to anyone without hesitation.
Very satisfied with service from Twintech , beginning with all the information provided by Dave , which helped make the decision much easier . Installation was very smooth & done on time as promised & cleanup was well done . Would definitely recommend this company & use them again for any future needs . Well done.
Twintech Heating & Cooling Inc. came in and replaced my 39 year old furnace with a beautiful Napoleon variable high efficiency furnace! Their work was efficient and professional and they were a pleasure to deal with, from sales to installation! I would highly recommend them.
After receiving numerous quotes to replace my old furnace and AC unit (which was 20 years old) I went with Twintech. Dave, in sales, answered questions professionally and promptly and worked diligently in order to secure my business. Installation was scheduled the week after and Greg and Peter showed up, as scheduled, and did a fine job installing both units. The site was left tidy and neat. I would highly recommend Twintech for your furnace and AC work.
I chose TwinTech because they installed my new furnace a few years ago and did a great job. When they installed my new A/C, they replaced all parts -- the copper pipes, the housing on top of the furnace and the wiring. (Apparently, the wiring for my old A/C was insufficient.) Their pricing was competitive. The sales representative came to see me within a few hours of my call. My new A/C was installed a few days later and I couldn't be happier with Twintech's professionalism and work. I would recommend TwinTech to any homeowner.
Had a great experience with this company. Great price and great customer service. You wont be disappointed with twintech. Discussed the job with Greg while he was installing who was extremely informative and obviously enjoys the work he does.
I needed my AC unit relocated due to upcoming landscape work. I reached out to the Twintech team through Homestars. Dave connected with me immediately to discuss the project and various options. We decided the best option was to mount the unit on the wall. Greg was in touch with me the same day as well and we scheduled the work for later that same week. This was a small job so I did not think I would get immediate attention. The Twintech team exceeded my expectations in every respect. They were very knowledgeable and friendly. The team arrived exactly on time on the scheduled day and worked efficiently to get the job done quickly. I would definitely use Twintech again for any Heating and AC projects.
I have used Greg Dainty for over 15 years in 3 different homes, for heating, cooling, pool heaters, appliances and bbq lines. Greg has always been so professional, friendly and the workmanship nothing short of fantastic. Greg has always discussed my options and fixing versus replacing, giving his honest opinion and what works best for me cost effective wise and long term. I have valued his opinion so much and have not trusted my gas needs with anyone since using him. I have also referred him to many of my friends and family and have always been so thankful with how well and quickly he looks after us all. I hold Greg in the highest regard and would recommend him to anyone with complete confidence!
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We are very happy to recommend this company to everyone. Our furnace broke down on Sunday morning. We phoned them and before noon Grant the owner showed up. He worked on the furnace for about a hour not wanting to give up to fix the problem. The furnace was 17 years old. I was the one talking about replacing it. End result was the next day it was all done. On the Sunday Bob came over with heaters to warm up the house. We decided to replace the water heater at the same time. Thanks Grant for the excellent work. Thumbs up.
Right on time. Explained how to work the HRV in a different way so the house would not be so dry. Changed my whole house water filter for me as well. Friendly, helpful, caring service!
Very pleased with the professional service that TwinTech Heating and Cooling provided in replacing my furnace. I got several quotes from different service providers. Their price was excellent and they explained the features very well. We are very glad we went with TwinTech and highly recommend their services.
We were new homeowners in need of a second opinion. TwinTech Heating & Cooling were Amazing and professional. Very knowledgeable and great service all around. Recommend to anyone looking for honest and reliable services. Treated with respect and care. Thank you Greg, Mitch and Bob!
TwinTech is an excellent and honest company! I called them for a second opinion after being told by another company that I needed to replace my furnace. Turns out this was not the case at all! I did not need a new furnace. TwinTech did not push to make an unnecessary sale and saved me from a huge expense. Bob and Mitch were extremely professional and above all honest! I definitely recommend TwinTech!
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